The Arctic Ocean occupies a roughly circular basin and covers an area of about 14,056,000 km² (5,440,000 sq mi), slightly less than 1.5 times the size of the United States.[4] The coastline length is 45,389 kilometers (28,203 mi).[4] Nearly landlocked, it is surrounded by the land masses of Eurasia, North America, Greenland, and several islands. It includes Baffin Bay, Barents Sea, Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea, East Siberian Sea, Greenland Sea, Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, White Sea and other tributary bodies of water. It is connected to the Pacific Ocean by the Bering Strait and to the Atlantic Ocean through the Greenland Sea[1] and Labrador Sea. Its geographic coordinates are: 90°00′N, 0°00′E               Cape Leigh-Smith Latitude 80° 10'' North & Longtitude 28° East on the NORTH EAST LAND OF SPITZBERGEN. Nightingale Sound Latitude 80° 15'' North Longtitude 48° East on the South Coast of FRANZ-JOSEPH LAND. According to the International Hydrographic Organization,[5] the limits of the Arctic Ocean proper are (see the map):A great circle line running from Cape Morris Jesup, the northernmost point of Greenland (83°38′N, 32°40′W) to the northernmost point of Spitsbergen (south of which line lies the Greenland Sea). Parallel 80° North to North East Land (Nordaustlandet). The north shore of Nordaustlandet to its easternmost point, Cape Leigh Smith (80°05′N, 28°00′E). A line running from Cape Leigh Smith to Cape Kohlsaat, the easternmost point of Franz Josef Land (81°14′N, 65°10′E, south of which line lies the Barents Sea). A line running from Cape Kohlsaat to Cape Molotov (Arctic Cape), the northernmost point of Komsomolets Island (81°13′N, 95°15′E, south of which line lies the Kara Sea). A line running from Arctic Cape to the northernmost point of Kotelni Island (76°10′N, 138°50′E, south of which line lies the Laptev Sea). A line running from the northernmost point of Kotelni Island to the northermost point of Wrangel Island (71°40′N, 179°30′W, south of which line lies the East Siberian Sea). A line running from the northernmost point of Wrangel Island to Point Barrow, the northernmost point of Alaska (71°23′N, 156°29′W, south of which line lies the Chuckchi Sea). A line running from Point Barrow to Cape Land's End on Prince Patrick Island, Northwest Territories (76°27′N, 121°59′W, south of which line lies the Beaufort Sea). The northwest coast of Prince Patrick Island north to Cape Leopold M'Clintock, its northernmost point (77°33′N, 116°23′W). A line running from Cape Leopold M'Clintock to Cape Murray on Brock Island (77°57′N, 115°04′W). The northwest coast of Brock Island north to its northermost point (78°05′N, 114°20′W). A line running from the northermost point of Brook Island to Cape Mackay on Borden Island, its westernmost point (78°20′N, 113°18′W). The northwest coast of Borden Island north to Cape Malloch (78°46′N, 110°24′W, the northernmost point of the Northwest Territories). A line running from Cape Malloch to Cape Isachsen on Ellef Ringnes Island, Nunavut, its northwesternmost point (79°20′N, 105°24′W). A line running from Cape Isachsen to the northwesternmost point of Meighen Island (80°05′N, 100°10′W). A line running from the northwesternmost point of Meighen Island to Cape Stallworthy on Axel Heiberg Island, its northernmost point (81°23′N, 93°33′W). A line running from Cape Stallworthy to Cape Colgate on Ellesmere Island, its westernmost point (81°37′N, 91°55′W). The north coast of Ellesmere Island north to Cape Columbia, its northernmost point (83°05′N, 70°21′W). A line running from Cape Columbia to Cape Morris Jesup (south of which line lies the Lincoln Sea). Arctic Region